VAŽNOST I VREDNOST SVETSKE BAŠTINE

Područja Svetske baštine dočaravaju raznolikost naše planete i postignuća njenih ljudi. Postoje mesta lepote i čuda; misterije i veličanstvenosti; sećanja i značenja. Ukratko, ona predstavljaju najbolje što Zemlja ima da ponudi. Egipatske piramide, veliki Kineski zid i Tadž Mahal su neki od najboljih primera kulturnih dostignuća čovečanstva. Veliki koralni greben, ostrva Galapagos i Nacionalni park Serendeti spadaju u najveća prirodna blaga sveta.

Ono što čini koncept Svetske baštine izvanrednim je njegova univerzalna primena. Mesta Svetske baštine pripadaju svim ljudima sveta, bez obzira na kojoj se teritoriji nalaze.

Lista Svetske baštine uključuje 911 dobara. Tu spada 704 lokaliteta kulturne baštine, 180 lokaliteta prirodne baštine i 27 mešovitih dobara, u 151-oj državi.

Da bi bila uključena na Listu Svetske baštine, dobra moraju imati izvanrednu univerzalnu vrednost i ispuniti bar jedan od deset kriterijuma odabira. Ti kriterijumi su objašnjeni u Operativnom vodiču za implementaciju Konvencije o Svetkoj baštini, koji je, pored samog teksta Konvencije, glavni alat za rad u oblasti Svetske baštine. Komitet za Svetsku baštinu redovno revidira ove kriterijume, nastojeći da oslika kako sam koncept Svetske baštine evoluira.

U tom pogledu, Komitet za Svetsku baštinu je odlučio da napravi listu „Svetske baštine u opasnosti“ u koju je do sada uključio 34 dobra. Na listi se mogu naći samo ona dobra koja su deo Svetske kulturne i prirodne baštine, a ugrožena su ozbiljnim i specifičnim opasnostima. U pitanju su pretnje nestanka zbog ubrzanog pogoršavanja stanja, velikih javnih ili privatnih projekata ili brze urbanizacije i razvoja turističkih projekata; uništavanja prouzrokovanih promenom namene ili vlasništva nad zemljištem; velikih promena nepoznatog uzroka; napuštanja zbog bilo kog razloga; izbijanja pretnje zbog oružanog sukoba; katastofa i kataklizmi; ozbiljnih požara, zemljotresa, klizišta, vulkanskih erupcija, promena nivoa vode, poplava i plimskih talasa. Komitet može, u slučaju hitne potrebe, bilo kada upisati bilo koje dobro na listu Svetske baštine u opasnosti i objaviti taj upis odmah.

Kako su ova mesta neka od najiskorišćenijih i najposećenijih svetskih turističkih atrakcija, Komitet za Svetsku baštinu i drugi zainteresovani globalni i lokalni akteri su primetili da loše vođeni turizam za njih može predstavljati veliku pretnju.

Preneto sa:   UNESCO – TEMA

Lepe su fotografije Tadž Mahala. Ja sam imala sreću da ga vidim i to je veličanstven doživljaj, skoro nestvaran. Toliko je prekrasan da mi je izgledalo da je ni na nebu, ni na zemlji. Biser u mašti i u stvarnosti (MPG71).

FIRENCA

Firenca se nalazi na spislu Svetske baštine UNESCO.

ATOS

Sveta gora je na spisku Svetske baštine UNESCO.

M’ZAB VALLEY

Tradicionalna ljudska staništa, nastala u X  veku su ostala netaknuta u M’Zab dolini. Jednostavna, funkcionalna i savršeno prilagođena okruženju arhitektura M’Zab je dizajniran za život u zajednici, uz poštovanje porodice.

Nalazi se na spisku mesta Svetske baštine u Africi.

Uredio: MPG71

KULTURNA NALAZIŠTA AL AIN

 

 

 

DREVNA NASELJA SEVERNE SIRIJE

Oko 40 sela grupisanih u osam parkova nalazi se u severo-zapadnom delu Sirije. Ona  pruža ju izuzetno svedočanstvo o ruralnom životu krajem antike i tokom vizantijskog perioda.

Ova sela su napuštena  u periodu od VIII do X veka,  a datiraju iz perioda od I do VII veka. Ova naselja karakterišu izuzetno dobro očuvan pejzaž i arhitektonski

ostaci stanova, paganskih hramova, crkava, cisterni, javnih kupatila, itd.  Tragovi ilustruju hidraulične tehnike, zaštitne zidove i svedočanstvo su majstorstva stanovnika u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji.

Ova drevna naselja predstavljaju jednu od šest novih lokacija upisanih na listu svetske baštine UNESCO.

Autor: MPG71

CHINESE WALL

Great Wall of China is the world’s tallest building, the longest wall in the world and the largest defensive structure. Debt is 2450 km, and stretches from the steppes of Central Asia to the Yellow Sea. High from 10 to 16 m.

It is believed that the Qin Shi Huang ‘started building the Great Wall in order to protect China from raids of barbarian tribes. It was built of earth, stone, brick and mortar rice, and its construction lasted intermittently until the seventeenth century. Along the walls were erected around the watchtower, and the top of the slopes are 4.5 m wide Great Wall of China is testimony to the knowledge and skills najmnogoljudnijeg peoples of the world.

People’s Republic of China has made Kinski wall under state protection 1961st year and has taken all necessary measures to protect these magnificent buildings from decay. Reconstruction was performed in the most Ba-da-ling, Song-Hai passing and passing Jia-ji.

Under the auspices of UNESCO 1987th The Great Wall of China was included in the list of world heritage.

Edited by: MPG71

TAJ MAHAL

Taj Mahal is in Agra, India. This „Dream in marble,“ as they call it art historians, was built on the riverbank for Džamne beloved wife Ariumand Ban Began, by Emperor Jahan chess awarded honorary name of Mumtaz Mahal, the palace jewel. It was after the birth of eight children died in the 1629th , and the mogul is ordered that the tomb built over the grave of its kind the world has seen, at its discretion. Car has completed two more her wishes, he has kept their children and he never married.

Taj Mahal, a masterpiece of civil engineering and art, was built between the 1631st and 1654th year. The construction of this enchanting, monumental monument of love was the 22,000 people for 17 years. The dimensions of the whole complex of rectangular-shaped wall oivičenog amount to 300 mx 560 m. It was built of white marble. It is octagonal domed building with a bulb with a total height of about 75 m., with her two symmetrical buildings are made of red sandstone – one in the northwest and the other in the southeast. In the northwest is a mosque, and to the southeast of holiday homes. In front of Taj Mahal is a huge, beautifully landscaped park, divided into four parts symmetrically arranged channels.

The Taj Mahal was buried, and a ruler beside the grave of his wife.

Edited by: MPG71

ANCIENT CITY OF PETRA

The ancient city of Petra is in Jordan. It is on the UNESCO list of world heritage. It was discovered in the Western world until the 1812th, after it has found the Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burhardt. The city is famous for water tunnels and stone structures carved into rocks.

Once upon a time was the capital of the Arab kingdom Nabatejaca, trade center, the destination station wagon. The city was the only place between Jordan and Central Arabia, where there was water in abundance. There are caravans from South Arabia received fresh camel carts and the new goniča.Tako Nabatejci create an important link in the chain of shops that lived south Arabia. It is an ancient city that has experienced its greatest fame in the first century AD when the Romans ruled. The city is on three sides, east, west and south was invincible. Cut into the rock was surrounded on all sides by steep cliffs and it was entered through a tortuous and narrow gorge.

During the first two centuries AD maritime route to India was becoming more widely known, caravans are increasingly diverting north to Palmyra and Petra then started to lose its significance. 105th years was not fatal to Peter when she was Rome under Trajan administration abolished all privileges.

Author: MPG71

 

MACHU PICCHU

Machu Picchu (translated as „old peaks“) is the holy city of the majestic Inca Empire. It is situated at an altitude of 2350 meters above sea level, the highest part of the eastern Andes, on the eastern slopes of the Urubamba mountain range. Machu Picchu is an excellent position. Located in one of the most beautiful and wildest area of ​​the Andes, above a granite top. It is very rough terrain, as on three sides by deep ravines are over 500 m. Below it are high Andean plateau, the river and the Amazon area of ​​prašume.Ima 32,500 hectares.

Machu Picchu was discovered in the 1911th year. It was discovered by American Hajra Bingham.

It is believed that such property was built for the emperor Pachacutija (1438th-1472.) And religious refuge or as a secret ceremonial city. The powerful army of the Inca built irrigation canals, and paved roads, and construction workers built the fort, temples and monumental stone buildings. Archaeologists claim that Machu Picchu was a city in the classical sense, because they found the remains of administration, commerce or military utrvrđenja.

Machu Picchu is located amidst lush vegetation, irrigated by rivers. The city has a large central square around which was built about two hundred buildings located on the terraces. There are also a terrace outside the inhabited part, with the irrigation channels. In St. district has three main buildings: Intihuatana – sundial, the sun temple – triangular building and room with three windows.

The city center is a granite monolith, which may have been an altar, characteristic of the Incas, and perhaps the observatory. The walls of Machu Picchu are built of huge stone blocks. The blocks are perfectly cut. This is very interesting and unexplained to this day when we know that the Incas did not know the wheel or iron tools.

Archaeologists and historians believe that the city was abandoned before the Spanish conquered the Inca empire, the people were mowed the disease and at the end of civil war.

Author: MPG71