Summary: The development of science and technology, new technological processes and the increasing demands for quality and comfort of living men have grown out to live in harmony with nature. This led to the impoverishment and even the destruction of natural resources. About their reproducibility is poor though, and the nature man returns began to acid rain, ozone holes, the emergence of new microorganisms, and so on. Therefore, in the 20th century, came to the conclusion of peace between man and nature, and preserving access to remaining resources.
The introduction of the management and control environment in a broader sense, it is seen as part of comprehensive goals of the EU in promoting a balanced and harmonious and sustainable ecological development. This system (EMA S)-Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 has been established in the EU and an upgrade of the environmental management system and which There is a series of international standards ISO 14001: 1996. Of special significance and function to manage and control environmental agencies are the European Environment Agency (EEA) – Concil Regulation (EEC) No 1210/90 and the Sixth EU Action Programme for the Environment – Decision No 1600/200
Keywords: Protection, in pravljanje, f Environment, pesursi
First EMAS and eco-m nagement and audit scheme
In order to achieve EU objectives in the field of management and control environment European Parliament and the Council brought 19.3.2001. The Regulation (EC) No 761/2001.Komisija adopted several decisions and recommendations in order to operationalize the relevant provisions of the Regulation.
Management and control environment is an upgrade of the system of environmental management established in a series of international standards ISO 14000:1996.
Management system in the environment is defined as one part of the overall management system that includes organizational structure, accountability, action plan, procedures, processes, developing, implementing, and supporting the founding of environmental policy.
Control or checking is a management tool. It consists of systematic, documented, periodic, objective evaluation of performance management systems and processes of an organization in order to protect the environment.
In broad terms the main objectives of the introduction and implementation of management systems and environmental controls are in line with overall EU objectives in the development of harmonious and coordinated economic and social development. This is especially true for organizations engaged in activities whose environmental impact is significant.
Especially to be noted that one of the objectives of EMAS and the fulfillment of the conditions for the provision of adequate and timely public information on the environmental impact and disruption to the organization / environment.
Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 replaces Regulation (EEC) No 1836/93 of 29.6.1993. year., which was allowed to volunteer involving organizations in the industrial sector in the management and control environment of the EU. The new Regulation extends the application of the provisions of ekomenadžmenmtu to all organizations. By „organization“, according to the EMAS regulation, include: company, corporation, firm, enterprise, government / institution and parts thereof, or combinations, public or private, provided they have their own functions and administration. The smallest type of organization, which provides for EMAS, the location and, upon approval of the Commission may be less than the entities and locations.
Regulation has set rules and criteria which must be completely fulfilled by the organization, which is intended to be included in the management and control environment, including:
- adoption of environmental policy
- review their own activities (Annex 6)
- review of products / services (Annex 7)
- introduction of environmental management (Annex 1)
- conduct internal audits (Annex 2)
- making statements about the environment
Annex 6 includes direct and indirect environmental aspects. This means that consideration are all significant impacts arising from the activities of the organization, and can have negative effects on the environment.
Annex 7 discusses five key areas: compliance, identification of the environmental aspects serdinu, trial practice and procedure management and control of environmental assessment and feedback results in incidents related to the environment.
Annex 1 includes the requirements of hyssop 14001:1996 series of standards. part, which should highlight the organizations involved in EMAS.
Annex 2, among other things, determine the criteria and frequency of internal checks and balances in the organization, which applies EMAS.
EEA – European Agency for Environmental Protection
EEA was established in 1990. EU Council Regulation, and amended the 1999th year. The goal of is to provide institutional support for EU activities in the field of protection and improvement of environment. EEA priority task is to collect objective data and information on the environmental state of EU member states and candidate countries for accession to the Community.
Environmental information available to the EU bodies, the relevant services of Member States and candidate countries. Under precisely defined conditions of this information the Agency may be available to the public.
The tasks of the EEA are:
- collection, review and dissemination of environmental information
- participation in the monitoring of corrective measures to protect the environment živone
- improving policies on environmental protection
- promoting and initiating the development of techniques for environmental assessment
Within these tasks the Agency includes all important domains of the environment: air, ozone, water, land in general, agricultural land, wild flora and fauna, waste management, particularly hazardous, noise, chemicals and others.
Previous work has overcome the EEA EU activities in the narrow sense in the environment area, and in geographical reach. Eg. EU Economic Commission for Europe (UN / ECE) has given the task of the EEA to make a detailed report on the state of the environment in Europe. The last of three such reports the agency presented at the Fifth European Conference on Environment in Kiev 2003rd pokroviteljastvom under the UN. This report includes all European countries in transition, the Russian Federation, former Soviet Central Asian and Caucasian republics.
For the characteristic openness of the EEA in relation to the states, which are not EU members. With them, assisted in the implementation of some international programs or on a bilateral basis.
EU Sixth Action Programme for the Environment
Sixth EU Action Programme for the Environment was established 22/07/2002. The decision of the European Parliament and the Council (Decision No 1600/2002). The main goal of this program is the inclusion of the environment in all areas of Community policy.
The program is the framework for the EU in the field of environment for a period of ten years from the date of issuance. Is the basis of a European strategy for sustainable development in the field of environment.
The basic principles of the Programme are:
- polluter pays „recovery“ of the environment
- prevention and preventive action
- eliminate pollution at its source
Priority areas are:
- climate change
- nature and biodiversity
- environment and health and quality of life
- natural resources and waste
The core objectives of the Sixth Action Programme includes the protection, preservation and improvement of uncultivated natural habitats of flora and fauna, which prevents and stops the degradation and destruction of biodiversity.
Adaptation of legislation in the area of Serbia and Montenegro
Environment
Given the overall circumstances of transition in our country it is clear that the introduction of management and control environment at an early stage.
In late 2005. The number of certified organizations in Serbia and Montenegro Srem ISO 14000 series of standards is only just over 20, while in Europe 23,316. It is necessary to evaluate the real capacity of organizations in Serbia and Montenegro in terms of their willingness to fully meet the requirements of ISO 14000 series of standards, the provisions of EMAS and the Sixth Action Programme, but also to look at their long-term interest in connection with this preference.
The Law on Environmental Protection of RS includes provisions that have been agreed EMAS EU rules. Seven members set the rules of participation in EMAS system, the application for registration in EMAS system, accreditation, register of this system, the disapproval of registration and removal from reguistra, a sign of EMAS and authority to pass regulations.
Our country has to cooperate with the EEA in order to, among others, satisfaction of specified conditions for EU accession, but also because the necessary information, and technical assistance, participation in international programs and others.
CONCLUSION
- System management and control of environmental protection – a system upgrade EMAS environmental management set out in a series of international standards ISO 14001:1996. The main purpose of EMAS in EU law is to enable the effective functioning of organizations in the field of environmental protection.
- EEA activities are extremely important for EU member states and candidate countries; have opštevropski even global significance. The Agency supports the policy of the EU in the protection and improvement of the environment with special emphasis on objective information about the state of the environment.
- Sixth Action Programme for the Environment is continuing efforts to urge the EU to issues of environmental systematically addressed, both in the Member States and candidate countries to join the EU membership.
- Competent authorities in our country are working intensively on the adoption of legislation, which will be fully harmonized with European legislation in the field of environmental protection.
REFERENCES
1. Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 allowing voluntary participation by organizations in a Community eco-management and audit scheme (MAS), „Official Journal of the European Communities,“ (OJ) , L. 114, 24.4.2001, p, 1
2. Commission Decision (EC) No 681/2001 of 7 September 2001 on guidance for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 761/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 March 2001 allowing voluntary participation by organizations in a Community eco-management and audit scheme (EMAS), OJ 247, 17.9.2001, p, 24
3. Council Regulation (EEC) No 1836/93 29 June of 1993, allowing voluntary participation by companies in the industrial sector in a Community eco-management and audit scheme, OJ L 168, 7.10.1993, p, 1
4. Council Regulation (EEC) No 1210/90 of 7 May 1990 on the establishment of the European Environment Agency and the European environment information and observation network, „Official Journal of the European Communities’ (OJ), L 120, 11.05.1990 , pp. 1-62.
5. Decision No 1600/2002/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 July 2002 laying down the Sixth Community Environment Action Programme, OJ L 242, 10 09th 2002nd
6. The Law on Environmental Protection, „Official Gazette“ no. 135/04.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION-MANAGEMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEM
Mirjana Savic, Kanački Zdenko Kanački Lidija
Summary
Science and Technology development, new technological process and further requests for quality and comfort life broke a habit of humanity to live in harmony with nature. This lead to pooring and distruction of natural resurses. Their regeneration werenot started about nature and began returning to human population with acidic rains, ozonic holes, appearing of new microorganisams etc. Therefore in the twentieth century peace between human and nature wereclosed, and approaching the protection and management of remainable resurses. Management and environmental control system introduction in the global sense, needs to be considered in the context of EU goals in the area of balanced and harmonious ecological and sustainable development promotion.This system (EMAS)-regulation (EC) No761/2001 was establish in the EU and represents superpose of environmental management system that exists in series of international standards ISO 14001: 1996. European agency of the Environmental Protection Agency (EEA) – Council Regulation (EEC) No 1212/90 and the EU Sixth Community Environmental Action Programme-Decision No. 1600/2002. have special function and role in environmental management and control.
Key words: Protection, Management, Environmental, Resurses
agroekonomija 