In terms of biodiversity and the potentials of its proper use in accordance with sustainable development, the territory of Novi Pazar is not well understood.Nevertheless, the current findings confirm that the area of the municipality is characterized by abundance of species, ecosystem and landscape diversity, as follows:
- Numerous species of flora and fauna;
- A large number of endemic, relict endemic and relic species of flora and fauna;
- A large number of different types and varieties of ecosystems;
- A large concentration of species and ecosystems in a small space.
In qualitative terms Novi Pazar has great potential in using biodiversity . Because of the exceptional species and ecosystem diversity as well as their sensitivity and small size, the number of species and ecosystems they occupy, is limited by the possibility of using certain segments of biodiversity. Overview of options and modes of use of biodiversity with the degree of vulnerability will be shown by main habitat types of organisms, and in accordance with the international classification of landscape types CORINE.
1. 1. E Ecosystems willow
Willow communities stretch along the banks of gravel and sand banks, especially in high mountain rivers flow. For this community is characterized by a modest diversity of flora and fauna, but some species are protected or should it be. The main function of these ecosystems is a reclamation, but during high water korenmje willows and other vegetation are the perfect place for spawning fish, breeding and other aquatic organisms.
2. 2. Ecosystems, high mountain shrub vegetation
The area of high mountain ecosystems shrub vegetation above the forest limit. Community mountain juniper and blueberry spread of silica, a dwarf pine communities mainly in limestone, rarely on siliceous zemljištu.Ovi ngativnim ecosystems under human impact.Due to the increase in grassland areas in visokoplanisnkim first to be hit were the high mountain shrub vegetation ecosystems. Clearing and burning are common modes of physical destruction of vegetcije.
3. 3. Ecosystems valley and lowland meadows mesophilic
Community valley and lowland meadows are limited colony spreading along the river valleys. For the most part were turned into farmland or used for grazing or as hay meadows. Are characterized by rich diversity.Since the return of these communities to their original natural state unworkable and unrealistic, it is the remaining, intact ecosystems permanently protected by preventing changes in their traditional usage.
4. 4. Ecosystems hilly meadows and pastures xerophilous
These ecosystems are spread on different geological substrates. These are the meadows, which differ in cenološkom composition and plant community. Is an integral part of the mountainous landscape of extraordinary value, which is today in European countries less. Translation of natural meadows and pastures in areas with herbaceous communities fertilizovanim meager to modest diversity should be prevented in order to maintain the high quality hay, and thereby ensure proper animal production . In addition, in order to preserve the positive values and functions of natural meadows and pastures, such as honey and medicine flora, antierosional care and so on.
5. 5. High mountain ecosystems swards
Community high mountain swards are spread on calcareous and siliceous substrates. The most important are the community flat, bushy formation Siberian juniper, pine curve and sub alpine high mountain communities kamnjari.Na damage swards, and by cutting the upper and lower forest belts, formed the high mountain pastures. Extensive livestock production is the degraded pasture, but in recent decades due to the reduction of livestock, improved their nutritive and productive value. So the production potential of certain pasture depends on the basic community of which they are formed and the impact and duration of negative antropozoogene selection. If the application is strictly controlled and environmental principles in these ecosystems, the traditional high mountainous livestock production has a good perspective. High mountain ecosystems swards are a natural source of medicinal plants, which are used in the pharmaceutical iandustry and medicine traicionalnoj.
6. 6. Ecosystems of high mountain areas of peat bogs
Communities of high mountain areas of peat bogs are spread on different surfaces. They are located in areas of former lake in the area of coniferous forest, beside streams in high mountain areas above the upper limit of the forest. Both types of peatlands are spread over small areas. Given that these are extremely relict habitats of flora and fauna, the effect of using peat has a greater negative impact on the environment, but what are the benefits of its exploitation. Economic Effects of the use of peatlands can be compared to the historical value of the flora and fauna in this ecosystem.
7. 7. Ecosystems scree, scree, and poured
Ecosystems scree, scree and blocks are spread in the mountainous regions, gorges and kanjinima. Are characterized by extremely poor biodiversity.
8. 8. Artificial ecosystems peak accumulation in gorges and canyons
Community characteristics of artificial peak accumulation in ravines and canyons is characterized by extremely poor diversity of flora and fauna. Stocking did not increase the production of fish. In the shallower parts of the old reservoirs are impoverished community Phragmition communis, Potamion eurosibricum and Lemnion minoris, and increased production hidrobionata.
9. 9. Ecosystems of mountain streams to the forest limit
a. Fishing controls and the prevention of pollution of rivers and streams contribute to the recovery of populations of aquatic organisms in these ecosystems, which in terms of numbers are in a very precarious position, especially in oligotrophic rivers. For the protection and sustainable development of these ecosystems is necessary to prevent unacceptable ways of fishing such as use of illegal fishing equipment, explosives, intoxicating chemicals and others.
Autor: MPG71
agroekonomija 